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“Hegemonic gender norms” refer to the characteristics, behaviours, and roles that are culturally and socially constructed as ideal or normative for women within the framework of a given society&apos;s gender hierarchy.BackgroundDuring the late Victorian period, British medical practitioners emerged with substantial statutory autonomy, using their unprecedented influence to direct the profession’s growth and sway public opinion, including conversations on vivisection <a href='#_ftn1' target='_blank' rel='nofollow ugc noopener noreferrer'>[1]</a>. Vivisection refers to the medical practice of performing operations on live animals without using anesthetics for scientific or experimental research; this practice created a public divide in Victorian society centred on the morality and ethics of performing this procedure. On one side were vivisectionists, and on the other were antivivisectionists. It is important to note that even though medical professionals and other scientific men primarily made up most individuals on the vivisection side, some medical professionals still disagreed with its ethics. On the other hand, the antivivisection group was quite distinctive in its membership, as it had the highest level of female participation of any Victorian movement that was not overtly feminist, with women making up between forty to sixty percent of all society members <a href='#_ftn2' target='_blank' rel='nofollow ugc noopener noreferrer'>[2]</a>. Notably, during this professionalization of science, women were essentially excluded from public conversations about scientific expertise, creating a male-dominated profession. Analyzing the vivisection debate during this period, especially in the years following the introduction of the Cruelty to Animals Act of 1876, which was the first piece of legislation the British Parliament introduced that set limits on the practice of vivisection by requiring the use of anesthetics, offers an intriguing look into how the newly minted medical profession sought to maintain its authority and interacted with its female opposition through gendered perspectives.

Dissecting Gender:

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Continue storytelling with ArcGIS StoryMaps and keep your content. Request that Esri migrate your account to ArcGIS Online by May 31, 2025, and complete migration by June 30, 2025.

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After one year, you will need to purchase an ArcGIS Online subscription to continue using ArcGIS StoryMaps. Check out the StoryMaps <link>retirement page</link> for more information on the ArcGIS Online subscription options.

ArcGIS <link>StoryMaps</link> is the professional version of StoryMaps and is available as part of <link2>ArcGIS Online</link2>. Both products share similar storytelling capabilities, so if you are familiar with StoryMaps, you'll feel right at home with ArcGIS StoryMaps. Visit the <link3>retirement page</link3> for a detailed comparison between StoryMaps and ArcGIS StoryMaps.

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Both of these options include access to ArcGIS StoryMaps and the other ArcGIS Online apps and capabilities. Please note that there is a price difference between the two options that you will need to pay if you want to keep your account active when your free subscription expires. See the FAQs on the <link>StoryMaps.com retirement page</link> for more information about these subscription options.

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